" REPORT FROM CHINA" 1967 DOCUMENTARY ABOUT COMMUNIST CHINA PART 1 CULTURAL REVOLUTION 77624

0:07 it would take about two hours to go from Tokyo to Peking

0:12 by non-stop jet if one could fly there directly as Japan

0:15 and China have no formal relations however we had to fly

0:20 tongue first and we entered China from there we then went

0:25 north from Canton through the vast expanse of China to pay

0:27 King the journey from Tokyo to Peking taking in actuality two

0:47 full days [Music] [Applause] [Music] at the time we arrived in Peking

1:05 the Japanese newspapers were filled with sensational accounts of the great

1:11 proletarian Cultural Revolution there were even many reports that all

1:14 of China was in a state of turmoil and confusion a king

1:22 however was calm and full of life [Music] a memorial

1:44 to the heroes who fell in the liberation struggle [Music] from all over

2:16 China multitudes of Red Guards have gathered in the capital

2:25 in front of street photographers taking

2:29 souvenir photographs Red Guards form long

2:35 lines waiting their turn [Music] there was also a group of red

2:43 guards reading quotations from Chairman Mao Zedong the railroad was exactly

3:14 on time the regular Express train takes seven hours to go

3:19 from Beijing to Shanghai Guang where it stops for ten minutes

3:24 people enjoy the sight of the Great Wall from the bridge

3:29 of the station the Great Wall which runs in an east-west direction

3:33 in the mountain regions of northern China was built in ancient

3:37 times to guard against invasion by the northern tribes Shanghai Guang

3:42 which is located at the eastern end of the Great Wall

3:46 where the mountains meet the sea now as in the past is

3:49 the key point through which the traffic flows connecting the Northeast

3:55 with the center of China [Music] three hot water service [Music]

4:49 in August 1966 we entered the Northeast known abroad as Manchuria

4:57 the name the Chinese no longer used as it is a reminder

5:01 of the 1930s when Japan installing a puppet regime to affect

5:04 its colonial rule attempted to establish it as an independent country

5:09 separate from the rest of China at present it is one

5:14 of the main industrial areas of the People's Republic of China [Music]

5:38 [Applause] the singari River which runs through the city of heart

5:46 being had been subject to frequent major floods before the liberation

5:50 taking many lives and destroying much property [Music] [Applause] in 1957

6:06 500,000 people worked for three months and built an embankment 120 miles

6:14 long it was the first major construction project undertaken by the people

6:17 of heartbeat after the foundation of the People's Republic of China

6:47 being the former villa of a White Russian has been converted

6:58 into a sanatorium for workers [Music] heart beam is a city

7:17 in which many old buildings are preserved a scene of the great

7:25 proletarian Cultural Revolution encountered in her theme people reading wall

7:33 newspapers anyone can write down his opinion and paste it

7:37 on the wall the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party appeals

7:40 to the people the appeal says the great quality rien Cultural

7:46 Revolution is a great revolution that touches people to their very souls

7:50 and constitutes a new stage in the development of the socialist revolution

7:55 in our country a deeper and more extensive stage although the bourgeoisie

8:00 has been overthrown it is still trying to use the old

8:04 ideas culture customs and habits of the exploiting classes to corrupt

8:09 the masses capture their minds and endeavor to stage a comeback

8:13 the proletariat must do just the opposite it must meet head-on every

8:17 challenge of the bourgeoisie in the ideological field and use

8:21 the new ideas culture customs and habits of the proletariat to change

8:26 the mental outlook of the whole society [Music] this demonstration of workers

8:36 and young people is meant to welcome this appeal [Music] [Applause]

8:56 it was at the beginning of this summer that the news

9:00 of Chairman Mao swimming across the Yangtze River was reported some

9:04 years earlier Chairman Mao had said people say that the USA

9:09 is a very big river actually there is nothing to be afraid

9:13 of about its size isn't the United States imperialism very big

9:17 it turned out to be nothing when we rebuffed at once

9:20 so there are actually some big things in the world that are

9:26 not to be feared [Music] a day in mid-august 4:00 a.m.

9:55 the grain producing region of Heilongjiang Province the Shing

10:02 Phu people's commune of Swan Chong County [Laughter] at dawn

10:27 the people of the commune to the fields

10:36 the land is held in khammam the work is done

10:52 together we came to China with one central question

11:00 in mind this is a land which has been

11:02 devastated by a hundred years of colonial rule and successive

11:06 Wars ruled by foreigners and big landlords the peasants

11:10 have been deprived of all cultural benefits with this heritage

11:15 from the past what method is the new regime

11:18 using in its attempt to make the country prosper

11:23 what suggestions might the new nations of Asia and Africa

11:28 confronted by the same problems derived from the Chinese

11:47 method [Music] the Communists raishin buildings a people's commune

12:17 is a political organization which encompasses the functions of local

12:21 government and administration such as a town or village

12:26 and at the same time is an economic organization

12:29 which carries out production activities land reform and social reform

12:36 transformed the structure of the peasant village the production

12:40 teams formed on the basis of the residents of each

12:43 natural village carry out most of the productive work

12:47 collectively each rural communes including on the average close

12:51 to 10,000 people is made up of numerous adjoining

12:56 villages or production teams [Music] to make fertilizer night soil

13:05 and earth are mixed together a chemical fertilizer factory

13:21 under construction in a peasant village which is a suburb

13:24 of cheong 20 Dean Provence all of the machinery

13:29 was made in China when both units are finished

13:33 it will be capable of producing 12,000 tons of ammonium

13:36 carbohydrate annually in a short while the capacity will

13:41 be increased to 60,000 tonnes annually sufficient to meet

13:43 the requirements of the for adjacent communes while interviewing mr.

13:49 Jha the factory head we became aware that this Factory is very different

13:54 from the usual image of a chemical

13:56 fertilizer factory we are familiar with chemical

13:59 fertilizer factories which have been built on a much larger scale but those have

14:03 been built in big industrial cities not in peasant villages down mr.

14:10 Jones the factory speaks the families

14:15 of the workers also take part in the farming

14:19 activities of the common production chain I

14:21 myself will continue to live in the office

14:25 how enjoy is finished boom baye nation they do the lowest rejection chiana funny

14:31 woman digger you sound into Havana yahuwah wanted a I'm sure the jungle even

14:36 in the evenings I study chairman mao's

14:39 works review the day's Affairs and prepare for the next day our objective is

14:44 for each county to have a small chemical fertilizer

14:47 factory the southerners have by and large already

14:50 achieved this target but here in the Northeast

14:52 we are now in the midst of construction

14:55 if we are successful food grain production

14:57 in the Northeast should increase greatly the third

15:04 five-year plan shinyang the biggest industrial city

15:11 in the Northeast population 3 million 300,000

15:22 China's economic development is built on the concept

15:27 that agriculture is the basis an industry

15:29 the leading factor this differs not only

15:32 from the advanced industrial countries of Europe and America

15:35 and from Japan but from the Soviet Union

15:44 as well a factory district with the slogan

15:50 long lived the Chinese Communist Party

16:05 the state-owned shinyang heavy machinery factory with 8,000

16:11 600 employees here china is turning out one

16:13 unit after another of mining equipment hydroelectric power

16:18 generating turbines rollers for rolling iron and steel

16:21 and other heavy producer goods things which

16:25 she once had to purchase abroad [Applause] mr.

16:36 Jin head of the cutting tool testing

16:40 division gives background information to a group

16:45 of visiting Japanese leaders in 1961 owing to natural disasters our country

16:52 encountered a number of temporary difficulties

16:54 at that time the Soviet revisionist

16:56 betrayed our agreements withdrew their specialists

17:00 and cut off the supply of equipment

17:01 and raw materials without heavy rollers a production at the iron mills

17:06 have to be halted the workers were extremely indignant but there was no

17:11 equipment with which to make the necessary 4 meter long coal ship rollers

17:17 we thought over the situation in this way to make rolling machines is

17:22 to fight against revision history it

17:24 is to emphasize self-reliance in reconstruction if

17:28 we rely only on the aid of foreign countries we can never leave

17:34 satisfactory therefore everyone felt that to use our own hands and to make

17:39 them by ourselves was important things that foreign countries have we too can

17:44 make we can also make things that foreign countries don't have it chi'lan

17:49 now teaches us the concrete method of doing so it is to rely

17:53 on the masses to arouse the masses and to have confidence in the masses

17:57 if there are many people there will be much wisdom to mr.

18:04 Jin received only four years

18:06 of elementary school education before the liberation

18:10 today having developed hundreds of new cutting tools he is known throughout

18:15 the country he thinks it is the workers responsibility to make

18:19 a great effort in guiding young people and to train capable successors [Music]

18:42 the state-owned shinyang number one engineering

18:46 machinery factory the pride of the factory

18:49 is that the workers by their own power built a mass

18:52 production system to make standard lathes which are in great demand

18:56 in order to mass-produce lathes it

18:58 is necessary to grind the foundations efficiently

19:03 the imported grinding machines such as this grind the many surfaces

19:08 of the foundation one at a time but of course mass production cannot

19:14 be carried out in this way the workers got the idea

19:18 of making a grinding machine which

19:20 could grind many surfaces simultaneously first they

19:25 made a trial machine by hand even this improved efficiency a great

19:38 deal then with the technicians cooperation

19:43 they designed the refined grinding machine

19:51 for mass production shown here [Music] many of those in the design

20:06 division contributed to this innovation having

20:09 graduated from college after the liberation mr.

20:26 Chang the design division head is among

20:31 these he was originally a laborer but after

20:34 receiving a specialists education at Ching hua

20:36 University in Peking he became the head of the design division of this factory

20:42 speaking about design he says our technological achievement

20:46 is the crystallization of the creativity and intelligence

20:48 of the masses the key to whether

20:51 or not we can design and manufacture fine products depends upon whether we rely

20:56 upon the individual or upon the wisdom and power of the group this has been

21:01 proved through the whole process of designing

21:04 and manufacturing new products in our factory

21:06 unless we follow the mask line in our designing we cannot do good work mr.

21:19 Chang talks with a worker I don't

21:33 in factories all over China the three-way alliance

21:46 that is the alliance among workers technicians and cadres

21:51 is very much emphasized all of the important

21:54 decisions in the factories are discussed and decided

21:56 upon by representatives from the three groups

22:08 mr jin attends this three-way alliance conference

22:12 as a representative of the technicians in every

22:24 factory we could see workers participating in management

22:33 and cadres taking part in physical labor

22:38 a workers residential district population 163,000 within

22:46 chengyang the homes have steam heat gas electricity

22:58 water and sewer services morning a special bus

23:10 for women workers bringing their children the construction

23:32 of this workers district a separate town in itself was begun in 1953 as part

23:39 of the first five-year plan one

23:52 of the twelve kindergartens in the workers district most

23:59 of the children I brought every Monday

24:02 morning by their parents this kindergarten takes care

24:04 of the children from Monday morning until

24:06 late afternoon on Saturday there are many children

24:09 from households in which both parents have jobs

24:20 [Music] altogether there are about 300 children there are

24:46 20 kindergarten teachers and 11 nursery teachers

24:49 taking care of them there are also another

24:52 20 people working at the kindergarten so

24:55 that altogether there is one adult for every 6

25:00 children [Music] in the educational program class consciousness

25:53 labor knowledge and physical education are stressed [Music]

26:16 this is labor education the children are becoming

26:21 accustomed to handling things which surround their own

26:30 bodies [Music] the monthly charge is 13 1 or about $5 in United States currency

26:49 it comes to about 10% of the monthly

26:52 income of an average household in which both

26:54 husband and wife are working [Applause] today's lunch

27:02 consists of fried rice a scallion and egg

27:10 dish and spinach soup after lunch the children

27:14 take a nap [Music] [Applause] [Music] [Applause]

27:46 [Music] [Applause] [Music] a to shift elementary

28:45 school in the afternoon only the first graders

28:51 attend at the school the number of first

28:55 graders is equal to the number attending

28:58 the 2nd through the 6th grades combined many

29:00 children were born soon after the residential district

29:03 was completed and they have just reached school

29:09 age it is time to learn the national language practice in writing the characters

29:15 with the correct stroke order the teaching material

29:19 they are using now is the sentence

29:22 who calls collecting horse manure dirty [Music] [Applause]

29:47 in a corner of the residential district

29:51 a housewives study group gathers to study quotations

29:53 from Chairman Mao Zedong study meetings such

29:56 as this are held twice a week by the self-government

30:03 committee organized on each block the work

30:07 undertaken by the committee's covers a wide range

30:09 also including social education environmental hygiene

30:15 and the study of current events in the plaza

30:21 of the residential district vegetable dealers have piled

30:24 the Chinese cabbages and they will be used

30:27 to make pickles for the winter a typical workers home this is the wife of mr.

31:03 Jin whom we met at the heavy machinery factory during the day mrs.

31:08 Jin's husband will be home late today as usual as a model worker mr.

31:26 Jin has received many certificates of Merit these he does not hang

31:31 on his wall however preferring instead to display

31:37 his favorite poem by Chairman Mao [Music]