India Launches World’s First OptoSAR Satellite | Mission Drishti Explained! | By Bhanwar Singh

0:00 Hello everyone, Jahind and welcome to the platform of study

0:02 IQIS once again and my name is Bhavar Singh Sury

0:05 MX India 115th course and qualified civil services in 2012

0:10 and in this video we'll be talking about mission Dishi.

0:13 Yes, Dishi which means or it is a Hindi word that means vision.

0:17 So this is the India's new eye that is in the sky and this is

0:21 or this pertains to the launch of the opto

0:24 x satellite that had been launched by galaxy space.

0:28 It has recently launched the mission dishi abroad

0:31 the aboard the uh space x falcon 9 rocket.

0:35 Now this marks India's largest privately developed earth

0:38 observation satellite because this satellite weighs 190 kg.

0:44 Also it is the first satellite very important that it is the first

0:47 satellite globally that integrates the optosar

0:50 or opto that combines two of the different

0:53 techniques optical as well as sensors on the single platform and this is

0:58 a significant milestone for the arter bharat

1:02 in the strategic space sector as well.

1:05 Now when it comes to the technology that had been used,

1:07 so this is optosar technology which bridges the information gap between

1:11 two of the technologies SAR that is the synthetic aperture radar.

1:16 This technology provides all weather day and night imaging

1:20 by penetrating the cloud as well as the smoke as well.

1:24 When it comes to the optical imaging,

1:25 it delivers the high resolution color accurate imagery for the visual content.

1:31 Now over here the fusion strategy was uh you know adopted where both

1:35 SAR as well as optical emerging they were merged and ultimately there is

1:41 so that we can create the analysis ready data or ARD that could

1:46 be created using or merging by merging both of the techniques that is there.

1:51 So this eliminates uh the need of the multiple satellites constellations to get

1:56 a single uh complete picture and that is why this is very very important.

2:01 Now when it comes to both these of the you know technologies which had

2:04 been used so we have optical or we have the MSI technique or technology.

2:11 All right.

2:11 So when it comes to optical or MSI it is passive and ultimately it can only

2:16 work during the day because it uses the sunlight

2:20 or it can only imagine during the daytime.

2:24 All right.

2:24 And also when it comes to the obstruction so it cannot penetrate

2:28 the clouds and even during the night this is of no use.

2:32 But at the same time when it comes to the images they

2:36 are very you know they are very highly scaled and intuitive and ultimately

2:41 it uses the spectral reflectance and when it comes to the resolution it

2:45 is just 1.2 to 3.6 m all right when it comes to S.

2:49 So S uses the microwave wavelength and thereby it can penetrate the complete

2:56 you know clouds and it can also do imaging in the night as well.

3:00 So it is all weather and day and night imaging

3:03 technique that is synthetic aperture radar or S and there is

3:08 when it comes to the human interpretability it is low because

3:11 the pictures are black and white and therefore they are abstract.

3:15 All right the pictures which are generated they

3:17 are black and white pictures which are generated.

3:20 All right roughness and moisture are the sensitivity on the surface and again

3:24 the resolution is the same as of the optical or MSI technique.

3:29 Now what happens in the opto?

3:32 In optos there is a hybrid technology that had been

3:35 used merging both the technologies of S and optical imaging

3:39 and over here it will be high uh imaging or the uh

3:44 the obstruction will be obstruction tolerance will be very high.

3:47 This will be all weather imaging that will be done with the both

3:51 the combination of optical as well as S or synthetic aperture radar.

3:56 it will be or there will be fused

3:57 clarity fused structural spectral and when it comes

4:00 to the resolution as well it will be

4:03 just 1.8 8 m using the fused structure model.

4:07 So there is a data fusion engine

4:09 that had been developed indigenously by IIT Madras.

4:12 All right.

4:13 Uh so when it comes to galaxy,

4:15 galaxy is where we have the uh you know the pass outs of the IIT Madras.

4:19 They are basically the force behind

4:22 the galaxy and ultimately galaxy utilizes the proprietary

4:26 sensor fusion engine that had been developed

4:28 over five years of research and development.

4:31 It uses also artificial intelligence so that it can align the SR

4:36 pulses with the optical pixels in the real time and thereby

4:39 it also reduces the data latency from hours to minutes which is

4:43 critical for the dynamic battlefield and for the disaster management as well.

4:49 Now this satellite had been positioned in the low earth orbit or LEO

4:53 orbit approximately about 500 kilometers to ensure

4:56 that there is high spatial resolution.

4:59 There's also cost-effective yet powerful small

5:02 satellite form factor which had been

5:03 used to compete with the institutional giants and the capability to track

5:08 changes as small as a few cm in this critical infrastructure

5:13 and that is again it is very important for India for numerous things.

5:18 The first thing is the national security

5:20 dimension in which this satellite will help.

5:22 There will be sovereign border monitoring where the border

5:25 surveillance will increase to 24 by7 monitoring of the LAC

5:29 that is line of actual control and LOC that is

5:32 line of control regardless of the fog or snow conditions.

5:37 There will also be maritime domain awareness because we will

5:40 be able to detect the dark vessels in the Indian

5:43 Ocean region and there will be realtime detection of the bunkers

5:47 of the equipment movement in difficult terrain as well.

5:51 And also it is very important that this is the indigenous satellite.

5:55 So this will reduce the dependence

5:56 on the foreign commercial vendors for the sensitive

5:59 defense imagery and that is why this satellite is very important for India.

6:03 But it is not just the border movement

6:06 or the border management that could be seen through this satellite.

6:10 All right.

6:10 This has or this satellite has multis

6:12 sectoral application because it will be helpful

6:15 in precision agriculture where we will be

6:17 able to do the proper crop health analysis,

6:20 the moisture detection as well as the acreage

6:22 estimation even during the time of the cloudy monsoons.

6:26 The satellite will also help us in the disaster management because

6:29 it will let us assess the flood extent through the clouds

6:33 and managing the forest fire containment through smoke as well

6:36 because this satellite it can see through the smoke as well.

6:40 There could be the infrastructure monitoring as well because

6:43 we'll be able to track the programs of national highways,

6:46 bridges and industrial corridors and ultimately this will add a significant

6:51 you know eye to the PM Gati Shaki as well.

6:55 So over here when it comes to the transformation

6:58 of the space sector when it comes to the India.

7:00 So this transformation began in the earnest with the 2020

7:04 space reforms that were uh you know introduced.

7:07 The 2020 space reforms they have dismantled the state monopoly

7:11 in the space exploration that was there with the ISRO itself.

7:16 So there is in 2020 there was

7:18 three pillar institutional architecture that was introduced.

7:21 The first was that the ISRO that is Indian space research organization it

7:26 transitioned towards the advanced research and development

7:28 and even the deep space missions.

7:31 There is the NSIL or the new space India

7:34 limited that had assumed the commercial responsibilities in the space

7:38 sector and also the inspace or the Indian national

7:43 space promotion uh and authorization center was set up.

7:47 Now in space it acted as or it still act as the single

7:51 window regulator when it comes to the space sector in India.

7:55 So you can see that what had happened in the space sector

7:57 just after the reopening of the space sector to the private players.

8:01 The skies were open for the private players in space was set up

8:05 or established in 2020 as single

8:07 window agency for the private space participation.

8:10 And you can see that in 2014 there was just one of the startup

8:15 in the space sector and in 2025 it jumped to more than 320.

8:20 At the same time when it comes to the space

8:22 budget India's space budget also increased tremendously to three times.

8:26 You can see that in 20134 it was just 5,600 cr

8:31 and it jumped three times nearly three times to 13,400 cr in 202526.

8:38 Also when it comes to the space policy

8:41 so Indian space policy was drafted in 2023

8:44 and it defines the clear roles of the ISRO in space and NSIL and even

8:49 the private players also it promotes the global

8:52 collaboration innovation and the competitive ecosystem and ultimately

8:55 the target is that we should have 9% share of the global space economy by 2030.

9:02 there was make an in India perspective or at nirhar bharat

9:05 that was introduced through the various

9:08 programs and policies in the space sector

9:10 and you will see that there is 100% satellite uh 100% FDI

9:14 that is per permitted in the satellite

9:17 components and even in systems manufacturing

9:20 there is 74% FDI under the automatic route where there is no

9:24 permission that is needed for the satellite manufacturing and for data products

9:28 as well and there is 49% FDI under the automatic route for the launch

9:33 vehicles as well as for the space ports that had been introduced.

9:38 Also, when it comes to the startup ecosystem,

9:41 you will see that there had been a venture capital push and thousand

9:44 cr venture capital fund was there to promote the startups in the space

9:49 sector and ultimately this will or this had led to the surge

9:53 in jobs as well as innovation through the public private partnership models.

9:57 When it comes to the global partnerships,

9:59 so that have also deepened after 2020 and we have partnerships with US,

10:04 we have Nisar satellite.

10:05 All right.

10:06 With France as well, with the Trishna, with Japan,

10:08 for the Lupex and for ESA for Proba 3 as well.

10:12 All right.

10:13 There had been integration with the global supply chains and tech transfers

10:16 and Starlink expanded broadband reach

10:20 that aligns with the digital India program.

10:22 Also there had been 433 foreign satellites which were launched by India just

10:27 in 2035 and that shows the surging sector that we have in the space industry.

10:34 Now this space is no longer just a scientific frontier but it is now

10:38 the corner store of the national security

10:41 as well as economic resilience as well.

10:44 Now the way forward is that the public private synergy should be uh tapped upon.

10:49 We should integrate the private data feeds into the Israel's bhuhan portal.

10:53 That is what we can do in the future.

10:55 At the same time, we should also create

10:57 a national repository for the analysis ready data as well.

11:02 India as the world's hub for the cost effective multi- sector or sensor

11:06 imagery exports that should be the global ambition for the India's space sector.

11:12 So that is all in today's session.

11:13 I hope that now you know all about the mission Dishi or the project dishi.

11:18 All right.

11:18 So that would be all but at the same time before ending let me

11:21 tell you that if you are preparing for the civil services for 2027 or 2028.

11:26 So we know that public administration is

11:28 a lucrative optional that you can achieve

11:31 the mastery within very short duration of time

11:34 and the resources are also very limited.

11:36 All right.

11:37 So just with limited resources with within a very

11:39 short span of time you can master the complete

11:42 public administration and I am starting off with the optional

11:45 classes for this right from 15th of May.

11:47 So you can enroll into the batch by using my code

11:50 that is BRS live for getting the maximum discount that you will get.

11:55 Also there is resolution P2i that is the resolution P2i.

11:59 This is the foundation course for the GS for 2027 and for 2028 as well.

12:04 So you can enroll into these GS foundation batches as well

12:08 and ultimately for the highest discount use the code BRS live.

12:13 So that would be all.

12:13 Thank you very much guys for joining me over here

12:15 and also before ending the session do not forget to like,

12:19 share as well as subscribe to our channel so so that you

12:22 do not miss any of the important updates in the future.

12:26 So that would be all.

12:26 Thank you.

12:27 Bye-bye.

12:27 and Jin.